Data breach notification

Montana data breach notification law

Montana's rule sits in Mont. Code Ann. § 30-14-1704, the computer security breach section, and it turns on unencrypted personal information reaching an unauthorized person.

When a Montana incident counts

Not every intrusion is a breach under this section. The text we read defines a breach as one that materially compromises personal information and causes, or is reasonably believed to cause, loss or injury to a Montana resident.

Once that line is crossed, the business must disclose the breach to any resident of Montana whose unencrypted personal information was or is reasonably believed to have been acquired by an unauthorized person. The words that start the clock are discovery or notification of the breach.

The personal information Montana lists

The definition begins with a first name or first initial and last name, paired with at least one data element, when either the name or the data elements are not encrypted. The elements named are:

  • A Social Security number.
  • A driver's license, state ID or tribal ID number.
  • An account, credit or debit card number together with any required code or password.
  • Medical record information.
  • A taxpayer identification number.
  • An identity protection PIN issued by the Internal Revenue Service.

A tax preparer or payroll provider reading this page should note the last two items, which tie directly to tax records.

Timing and the consumer protection office

PointWhat § 30-14-1704 says
Notice to residentsWithout unreasonable delay.
RegulatorThe Attorney General's Office of Consumer Protection.
What the regulator receivesAn electronic copy of the notice and a statement giving the date and method of distribution.
When it goesSimultaneously with notice to residents.
Size thresholdNone stated; any notice under the section triggers the copy.

Montana sets no fixed number of days in the text we read. The duty to send the consumer protection office its copy applies to any notice given under the section, so even a small incident produces a filing.

Encryption and the harm test

Encrypted data sits outside the duty: the obligation runs to residents whose unencrypted personal information was acquired. Because a breach must cause or be reasonably believed to cause loss or injury, an incident that fails that test is not a breach under the section. The text we checked does not describe a documentation or retention step for that judgment, so this page says nothing more about it.

Where ShareAndGo fits

For documents you share through ShareAndGo, the activity log records every view and download, and watermarked view-only pages carry the reader's email address and the date.

Each data room has its own watermark setting, which is on by default. Recipients confirm their email with a six-digit code and need no account, so the names in the log are confirmed addresses rather than a forwarded link. Groups see only their own folders, which narrows the list of people who could have opened a given file. The log is chained and exports as CSV, so a Montana business answering who opened which file, and on what date, has a record to start from inside ShareAndGo.

Montana questions

Does Montana set a deadline in days?
No fixed day count appears in § 30-14-1704 as read; the test is without unreasonable delay.
Who in state government receives a copy?
The Attorney General's consumer protection office, which gets an electronic copy of the notice and a statement of the date and method of distribution.
Is an IRS identity protection PIN personal information in Montana?
Yes, when it sits beside a name and either is unencrypted.
Does a breach need to cause harm?
The definition requires loss or injury to a Montana resident, actual or reasonably believed.

Source

Checked against Montana's published law on November 2, 2026. This is general information, not legal advice.